IP datagrams represent data to be routed.
They store informations like IP source and destination address.
Inside <netinet/ip.h> an iphdr struct is defined, allowing us to create a custom ip header. (More detailed information about IP header here)
File: <netinet/ip.h>
struct iphdr
{...};
iphdr.ihl //[4 bit] Internet Header Length, contains the header length measured in 32 bit words.
iphdr.version //[4 bit] Datagram version. ipv4 version's 4.
iphdr.tos //[8 bit] Type of service (we won't use it).
iphdr.tot_len //[16 bit] Datagram total length in byte.
iphdr.id //[16 bit] Used on router fragmentation.
iphdr.frag_off//[3 bit] Fragmentation controls.
iphdr.ttl //[8 bit] Time to live, or max hops allowed before datagramm destruction.
iphdr.ttl //[8 bit] Time to live, or max hops allowed before datagramm destruction.
iphdr.protocol //[8 bit] Payload protocol identifier (6->TCP, 17->UDP, 1->ICMP ...).
iphdr.check //[16 bit] Header checksum (16-bit checksum RFC1071).
iphdr.saddr //[32 bit] IP source address
iphdr.daddr //[32 bit] IP destination address
Now let's define some usefull functions for future use:
int createIpv4Header(Iphdr* buffer, char * srcAddress, char * dstAddress, u_int8_t ttl);
void setPayloadInfo(Iphdr* ipheader, int payloadLength, u_int8_t protocolType);
Time for funny testing!
Editing the previous post code, we can create a function testIP(char* src, char* dest) able to send an empty datagram ip to a custom destination from a custom source.
So we initialize the buffer:
int length = createIpv4Header(ipheader, sourceAddress, destinationAddress, 100);
setPayloadInfo(ipheader, 0, 1);
Calling setPayloadInfo we are setting a ICMP protocol with 0 length (obviously that would be a malformed datagram, but now we want only to test the IP behaviour).
Now let's call the testIP function inside a main(), with parameters ("127.0.0.1", "127.0.0.1").
Compile.
Now let's open our favourite traffic analyzer (like wireshark) and enable capturing on lo (loopback interface, or 127.0.0.1). We'll be able to see our little datagram :).
$ sudo ./test_ip
We will see on wireshark something like that:
We do it!
Here the code:
ip.h
ip.c
testIP.c
int createIpv4Header(Iphdr* buffer, char * srcAddress, char * dstAddress, u_int8_t ttl);
void setPayloadInfo(Iphdr* ipheader, int payloadLength, u_int8_t protocolType);
Time for funny testing!
Editing the previous post code, we can create a function testIP(char* src, char* dest) able to send an empty datagram ip to a custom destination from a custom source.
So we initialize the buffer:
int length = createIpv4Header(ipheader, sourceAddress, destinationAddress, 100);
setPayloadInfo(ipheader, 0, 1);
Calling setPayloadInfo we are setting a ICMP protocol with 0 length (obviously that would be a malformed datagram, but now we want only to test the IP behaviour).
Now let's call the testIP function inside a main(), with parameters ("127.0.0.1", "127.0.0.1").
Compile.
Now let's open our favourite traffic analyzer (like wireshark) and enable capturing on lo (loopback interface, or 127.0.0.1). We'll be able to see our little datagram :).
$ sudo ./test_ip
We will see on wireshark something like that:
We do it!
Here the code:
ip.h
ip.c
testIP.c
